"The Purposeful Argument: A Practical Guide" defines fallacies as "errors in an argument, whether accidental or deliberate, that serve to draw attention away from the problems in the argument's claim or support"(111). The book goes on to place fallacies into four categories: Fallacies of Choice, Fallacies of Support, Fallacies of Emotion, and Fallacies of Inconsistency (113).
"Fallacies of choice ask you to make the wrong choice by limiting your view of what the future holds or what the choices are. They put things into simplistic terms that don't allow for positive alternatives"(114).
"Fallacies of support involve making connections and conclusions that aren't warranted...They support their claim with their claim. They jump to conclusions based on very little evidence. They make superstitious connections between events, build arguments on falsehoods, and support their claims with facts that aren't even relevant"(119).
"Fallacies of emotion are a problem because they completely replace evidence with feelings. They play on the heart strings and the fears of the audience"(124).
"All fallacies boil down to inconsistency, but some arguments are blatantly inconsistent. One obvious but all too common kind of inconsistency is a double standard...Sometimes instead of treating similar things inconsistently, people will treat different things as if they are the same"(128-129).
Fallacies - A page on the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. This page has a lot of information about fallacies and their history.
Fallacies - A brief page on Fallacies from Texas A&M University.
Logical Fallacies - A page from OWL Purdue
Fallacies - A page from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Fallacies - A page from Oklahoma State University